Application of Bacillus subtilis for the Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Different Cultivars of Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.)

Salinity has a negative impact on the agricultural production of crops. It adversely affects physiochemical properties soil and ecological balance area. Plant growth-promoting bacteria play key role in biological control phyto-pathogens abiotic stress including salinity. Four varieties wheat crop (V1: Akbar 2019, V2: Dilkash 2021, V3: Faisalabad 2008, V4: Subhani 2020) were compared for their salinity tolerance response towards Bacillus subtilis NA2. A completely randomized design (4 × 3 salt levels replicate 2 bacterial treatments = 72 pots) was adopted using distilled water as control. Stress negatively affected plant growth. However, plants primed with NA2 showed improved growth (plant lengths 29.45% increased biomass 33.23%). Overall, strain enhanced carotenoids (45.53%), anthocyanin (32.51%), ascorbic acid (41.53%), total soluble proteins (59.21%), chlorophyll contents (49.65%), peroxidase activity (31.76%). Levels malondialdehyde (27.42%) hydrogen peroxide (20.37%), catalase (16.48%), ascorbate (19.24%) decreased. With commensurable benefits, it can be inferred from above study that is beneficial better yield under by improving defense mechanism may future farmers.